Authors

Abstract

In order to solve the problems of unstable seeding quantity and poor applicability of traditional lightweight simplification mechanical seed-metering device, a combined cavity-type rice precision hole-drop seed-metering was developed. According to the material characteristics of rice seed and the requirements of seeding quantity, the innovative metering hole structure achieves the purpose of accurate filling of rice seed. In order to adapt to the demands of different rice seeds and improve the accuracy and convenience of the adjustment of the seeding quantity, the number of cavities involved in seeding operation was simply adjusted. Bench tests are carried out on the effects of the seed-inlet width, the metering hole slope angle, and the cavity outer angle on the precision seeding performance of the seed-metering device. The test results show that when the outer and middle seed-inlets width both are 3.8 mm, the innermost seed-inlet width is 5.4 mm, and the metering hole slope angle is 35 °, and the cavity outer angle is 85 °, the performance of the three kinds of rice was better. Opening outermost seed-inlet to seeding super hybrid rice, the qualified rate is 90.67%, the miss-seeding rate is 3.77%. Opening outer and middle seed-inlets to seeding hybrid rice, the qualified rate is 90.80%, the miss-seeding rate is 3.73%. Opening all three seed-inlets to seeding conventional rice, the qualified rate is 90.67%, the miss-seeding rate is 3.53%. The field test shows the seed-metering device can also meet the requires of these kinds of rice seeding.

Abstract in Chinese

为解决传统水稻轻简机械式排种器穴播量稳定性差、精确调节困难，导致品种适用性差的问题，研制了一种组合腔道式精量穴播排种器。根据稻种的物料特性及穴播量要求，创新异形量孔结构达到稻种精量充种的目的；提出通过简单调节参与排种作业的腔道个数调节排种器的穴播量，以适应不同品种水稻不同穴播量的需求，提高排种器播量调节的精确性与便捷性。先后采用单因素与全因素试验方法，研究了量孔的进种口宽度、斜面倾角、腔道外侧角对排种器穴播量的影响。明确了外层与中间腔道进种口宽度均为3.8mm、内侧腔道进种口宽度为5.4mm，量孔斜面倾角均为35°，且腔道外侧角均为85°时，排种器排种三种水稻的穴播排种性能均较优，单个进种口排种超级稻时，漏播率为3.77%，合格率为90.67%；两个进种口排种杂交稻时，漏播率为3.73%，合格率为90.80%；三个进种口排种常规稻漏播率为3.53%，合格率为90.67%。田间试验表明排种器能满足水稻精量穴直播的种植要求。